安装

安装 Homebrew

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL \
  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
brew --version       # verify installation

安装后配置（Apple Silicon）

# add Homebrew to PATH (Apple Silicon default)
echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' \
  >> ~/.zprofile
eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"

安装路径

/opt/homebrew	Apple Silicon（ARM）前缀
/usr/local	Intel Mac 前缀
/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew	Linux 前缀

包管理

安装与卸载

brew install git           # install formula
brew install [email protected]      # install specific version
brew uninstall git         # remove formula
brew reinstall git         # reinstall formula

更新与升级

brew update                # update Homebrew itself
brew upgrade               # upgrade all packages
brew upgrade git           # upgrade specific package
brew pin git               # prevent auto-upgrade
brew unpin git             # allow upgrade again

列出已安装

brew list                  # all installed formulae
brew list --cask           # all installed casks
brew leaves                # top-level (not dependencies)
brew deps git              # show dependencies of git

搜索与信息

查找包

brew search postgres       # search by name
brew search --cask chrome  # search casks only
brew info git              # package details
brew home git              # open homepage in browser

信息字段

Name / Version	包名与已安装版本
Dependencies	依赖的包
Conflicts	不能共存的包
Caveats	安装后注意事项（PATH、配置）
Analytics	安装次数（近 30/90/365 天）

服务管理

管理服务

brew services list             # all services + status
brew services start postgresql # start and auto-launch
brew services stop postgresql  # stop service
brew services restart nginx    # restart service
brew services run redis        # start without auto-launch

服务说明

start	立即启动并注册开机自启
run	仅立即启动（不自启）
stop	停止并取消自启注册
restart	先停止再启动
list	显示所有服务及状态
Logs	查看 `~/Library/Logs/Homebrew/`

Cask

GUI 应用管理

brew install --cask firefox      # install GUI app
brew uninstall --cask firefox     # remove GUI app
brew upgrade --cask               # upgrade all casks
brew list --cask                  # list installed casks

常用 Cask

google-chrome	Chrome 浏览器
visual-studio-code	VS Code 编辑器
docker	Docker Desktop
iterm2	iTerm2 终端
slack	Slack 通讯
rectangle	窗口管理
1password	密码管理器
raycast	启动器（Spotlight 替代）

Tap

第三方仓库

brew tap                         # list tapped repos
brew tap hashicorp/tap           # add a tap
brew untap hashicorp/tap         # remove a tap
brew install hashicorp/tap/terraform  # install from tap

常用 Tap

homebrew/cask	GUI 应用（默认包含）
homebrew/cask-fonts	字体：`brew install --cask font-fira-code`
homebrew/bundle	Brewfile 支持（Homebrew 的 Bundler）
hashicorp/tap	Terraform、Vault、Consul

Brewfile（Bundle）

brew bundle dump               # generate Brewfile
brew bundle install            # install from Brewfile
brew bundle cleanup            # remove unlisted packages

清理

释放磁盘空间

brew cleanup                 # remove old versions
brew cleanup -s              # also remove cache
brew cleanup --prune=all     # remove all cached downloads
brew autoremove              # remove unused dependencies

诊断

brew doctor                  # check for issues
brew config                  # show Homebrew config
brew missing                 # list missing dependencies
du -sh $(brew --cache)       # check cache size

常用模式

日常工作流

每日更新	`brew update && brew upgrade && brew cleanup`
新 Mac 初始化	从 Brewfile 执行 `brew bundle install`
导出配置	`brew bundle dump --file=~/Brewfile`
健康检查	`brew doctor`
查看占用空间	`brew list --formula \| xargs brew info`
卸载含依赖	`brew uninstall pkg && brew autoremove`

Brewfile 示例

# ~/Brewfile
tap "homebrew/bundle"
brew "git"
brew "node"
brew "python"
cask "visual-studio-code"
cask "docker"

HOMEBREW 快速参考